This aeroponics farm could be the future of food in Jordan

  • Aeroponics, a technique that allows crops to be grown without soil and with minimal water usage, offers hope for the future of food as the global population grows and resources dwindle.
  • The innovative farming method uses 90% less water than traditional farming.
  • Its dependence on electricity to power the pumps, however, dents its environmental credentials.

The United Nations projects the world’s population will grow by over 3 billion to peak at almost 11 billion by 2100. Meanwhile, already scarce global water resources are being depleted by climate change.

Conventional agriculture already consumes roughly 70% of the world’s water and the UN says two-thirds of the world’s population – 1.8 billion people – will be living in water-stressed areas by 2025.

So aeroponics, a technique that allows crops to be grown without soil and with minimal water usage, offers hope for the future. One nation already putting it to test is Jordan, one of the world’s driest countries.

Jordan’s farms already take up 52% of the country’s water supply. Bahjat Sawalmeh, who manages Faisal Farm, which uses aeroponics, says the technique consumes 90% less water than conventional growing methods.

Two billion people in the world currently suffer from malnutrition and according to some estimates, we need 60% more food to feed the global population by 2050. Yet the agricultural sector is ill-equipped to meet this demand: 700 million of its workers currently live in poverty, and it is already responsible for 70% of the world’s water consumption and 30% of global greenhouse gas emissions.

New technologies could help our food systems become more sustainable and efficient, but unfortunately the agricultural sector has fallen behind other sectors in terms of technology adoption.

Launched in 2018, the Forum’s Innovation with a Purpose Platform is a large-scale partnership that facilitates the adoption of new technologies and other innovations to transform the way we produce, distribute and consume our food.

With research, increasing investments in new agriculture technologies and the integration of local and regional initiatives aimed at enhancing food security, the platform is working with over 50 partner institutions and 1,000 leaders around the world to leverage emerging technologies to make our food systems more sustainable, inclusive and efficient.


Learn more about Innovation with a Purpose’s impact and contact us to see how you can get involved.

No soil necessary

Aeroponics was developed from hydroponics, a system in which plants grow with their roots immersed in nutrient-rich water instead of soil. Although some plants did well in hydroponic systems, many lacked enough oxygen to thrive.

How aeroponics work.

Aeroponics surround the plant with higher levels of oxygen, thanks to a nutrient-rich mist.

Image: letusgrow.com

So the technique was evolved to allow plant roots to hang in the air while being sprayed with a fine mist of nutrient-rich water. Plants are held in place by pieces of fabric or foam which support the stems and roots as they grow.

The nutrient solution is recycled so no water is wasted, plants are healthier, grow faster and produce more, according to aeroponics experts LetUsGrow. The technique also makes crops less vulnerable to pests and plant diseases, the company says.

Although the system uses much less water than alternatives, it does require electricity to power the pumps. And, while aeroponic cultivation can use natural light in a greenhouse, artificial lighting is often required to ensure plants thrive.

Global spread of aeroponics

Despite these environmental drawbacks, the farming practice appears to be gathering momentum. A survey of 114 aeroponic company start-ups identified farms in north and South America, Europe, the Middle East and India.

One of the world’s largest aeroponic farm operators, AeroFarms, which has vertical farms in the United States, recently opened a research farm in Abu Dhabi. The company says its farms use just 1% of the land that would be needed for conventional agriculture, and that aeroponics is over 390 times more efficient in terms of land use to grow the same volume of crops, producing up to 26 harvests each year.

Meanwhile, one of India’s largest hydroponic and aeroponic growers, Barton Breeze, says it has almost 10 hectares of vertical farms under cultivation, producing 3,250 tonnes of crops from more than 65 different crop varieties.


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